祁玲玲;

• 1:南京大学政府管理学院

摘要(Abstract)：

制度设计被认为高度影响一国的政治发展与治理水平。根据利普哈特协和式民主理论的框架,权力分享机制会较好促进一国民主发展;然而在面临国家力量弱小、政治精英的民主妥协精神缺乏的情况下权力分享机制存在着相当的脆弱性,甚至表现为民主发展与国家治理之间的张力。本文基于对两个新兴的非洲选举民主国家贝宁与肯尼亚的分析发现,在以比例代表制及高度分化的政党体系为基本特征的分权制度下,贝宁虽然民主发展相对稳定但治理水平始终止步不前;而肯尼亚的多数制选举制度则带来权力相对集中的政党体系,民主发展受阻但国家治理却在稳步提升。该发现挑战了利普哈特关于权力分享制度设计的乐观结论。

关键词(KeyWords)： 权力分享;国家治理;选举制度;政党体系;贝宁;肯尼亚

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): “复旦大学陈树渠比较中心2018-2019年度中心课题”的研究成果;; 南京大学人文社科双一流建设第三批“百层次”科研项目“政党运作与政治稳定:一带一路沿线65国定量定性混合研究”的支持

作者(Author): 祁玲玲;

Email:

DOI: 10.16091/j.cnki.cn32-1308/c.2020.06.018

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• (1)该数据是以“GDP per capita,PPP(美元)”为单位，数据参见世界银行“World Development Indicator”,2019年10月28日最近更新的版本。
• (2)参见联合国“人类发展指标”(Human Development Index)2018年更新数据，“Human Development Index Trends 1990-2017”,http://hdr. undp. org/en/data．登录时间:2019年11月11日。
• (3)参见联合国网站对于该项目和相应指标的介绍:http://hdr.undp. org/en/humandev.
• (4)全球的完整数据可以参见联合国人类发展项目的数据库:http://hdr. undp. org/en/data.
• (5)该数据来自当地媒体的报道:“Uhuru Gets Good Rating on Graft War”,December 28,2018,https://www. standardmedia.co. ke/article/2001307584/uhuru-gets-good-rating-ongraft-war，访问时间:2019年11月14日。